The Eurasia Proceedings of Health, Environment and Life Sciences

Non-Hereditary and Hereditary Risk Factors of Breast Cancer

2025-08-08T23:22:09+03:00

Breast cancer is a worldwide health concern with the incidence rate increasing from year by year. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in both developed and developing countries. Breast cancer initiation and progression is a complex, multistage process. Breast cancer is caused by inherited or acquired genetic changes in the somatic cells of the breast. In spite of significant advances in breast cancer research, there are still many unresolved concerns. Therefore, the investigation of risk factors associated with breast cancer continues to be a topic of interest and research. The main risk factors in the development of breast cancer may be unchangeable factors such as genetics, age and gender and may also be changeable factors such as those associated with lifestyle and environment. By recognizing breast cancer risk factors, it is possible to reduce the risk of developing this cancer and thus reduce the mortality associated with it, especially among women with these risk factors. This study aims to present the latest developments in the field of studying and identifying risk factors for breast cancer, as this topic is still one of the most important topics that are focused on reducing the risk of breast cancer and finding effective therapies to treat patients with this disease. To achieve this aim, we focused on the latest studies that have worked to identify risk factors for breast cancer. As a result, risk factors have been found to be either changeable or unchangeable. Changeable factors can be managed, while unchangeable factors are still being researched in order to find the most effective therapies to either prevent or control breast cancer.

Molecular Docking Study of α-, β-, and γ-Mangostin from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Targeting VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 for Anti-Angiogenic Therapeutics in Retinopathy Diabetic

2025-08-09T00:01:25+03:00

To enhance the effectiveness of treatment in diabetic retinopathy patients, the development of drugs that have a combined effect of inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-2 (VEGFR-2) and Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) should be conducted. This work simulates the interaction of α-mangostin, β-mangostin, and γ-mangostin (Garcinia mangostana L.) as a receptor against VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 as a ligand through the molecular docking approach. Redocking between receptor and native ligand (VEGFR-2, PDB ID: 4ASD and NRP-1 PDB ID: 5C7G) was performed using MGLTools 1.5.7 and Autodock Vina, then continued with PyMol2 to assure RMSD value of 0.981 Å for VEGFR-2 and 1.994 Å for NRP-1 (< 2 Å). The docking results showed that α-mangostin had the lowest binding energy to VEGFR-2 (-8.9 kcal/mol) and NRP-1 (-6.9 kcal/mol), followed by γ-mangostin with binding energy of -8.6 kcal/mol to VEGFR-2 and -6.9 kcal/mol to NRP-1, and β-mangostin with binding energy of -8.3 kcal/mol to VEGFR-2 and -6.5 kcal/mol to NRP-1. In comparison, the positive control, Sunitinib, showed binding energy of -7.9 kcal/mol to VEGFR-2 and -6.2 kcal/mol to NRP-1. This indicates that these compounds have a more lowest energy binding to VEGFR-2 and NRP-1 than Sunitinib. In addition, the docking results visualized using Biovia Discovery Studio 2021 showed that these compounds have hydrogen bonds and several other bonds to the active sites of VEGFR-2 and NRP-1. Hence, the proposed compounds have the potential to be further synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo as a pathological anti-angiogenesis drug in diabetic retinopathy.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles for Water Purification

2025-08-09T00:32:21+03:00

Water contamination is a major global concern, necessitating the development of innovative and cost-effective purification technologies. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significant attention due to their remarkable antimicrobial properties, high surface area, and catalytic potential in water treatment. This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and application of AgNPs for water purification. Green synthesis using plant extracts, microbial processes, and chemical reduction methods ensures eco-friendly and sustainable nanoparticle production. The synthesized AgNPs are characterized using techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to determine their size, morphology, and stability. The antimicrobial and pollutant-removal efficacy of AgNPs is evaluated against bacterial contaminants and heavy metals. Findings suggest that AgNPs exhibit strong bactericidal activity and high adsorption capacity, making them effective for water purification applications. However, concerns regarding toxicity, environmental impact, and large-scale production must be addressed. Future research should focus on optimizing synthesis techniques, enhancing stability, and ensuring safe disposal of AgNPs to minimize ecological risks. The integration of AgNP-based filtration systems with existing purification technologies offers a promising approach for sustainable and efficient water treatment solutions.

Acute 60Co Γ-Irradiation Effect on Lipid Peroxidation and Immune System in Experimental Animals

2025-08-09T12:31:23+03:00

The objective of the study was to explore the biochemical and immunological indicators in experimentally irradiated animals. Goup I - intact, group II - exposed to γ-radiation with a dose 6 Gy. The parameters characterizing the body's immune system were studied, lipid peroxidation outputs and antioxidant protective enzymes activity in blood lymphocytes were identified. The results of the study showed that exposure to a sublethal dose of radiation entails a reduction in cellular immunity, especially T-lymphocytes and their subpopulation, as well as to a decrease in the functional activity of the body's non-specific defense. Leukopenia and lymphopenia were observed in irradiated animals. The same pattern was revealed for T-lymphocytes: the number decreased by 20.25%, leading to fell off in CD4+ cells. It was also found that T-suppressors number declined by 14.28%. Ionizing radiation effect led to an increase in the level of DC and MDA, inhibition of the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase enzymes, as a result of which the oxidative stress formation in the body was observed. Suppression of cellular and humoral immunity, non-specific protection of the body and imbalance of LPO-AOP create preconditions for the emergence of immune pathological state of radiation origin, indicating the necessity to develop promising for adaptation correcting methods.

Sustainability and Organic Livestock in 2050: Challenges and Innovations

2025-08-09T12:43:47+03:00

The global demand for sustainable and organic livestock farming is expected to rise significantly by 2050 due to increasing concerns over climate change, food security, and ethical animal husbandry. Organic livestock production focuses on environmentally friendly practices, reduced reliance on synthetic inputs, and improved animal welfare. Advancements in regenerative agriculture, precision farming, and circular economy models will drive innovation in organic livestock systems. The integration of artificial intelligence, smart sensors, and sustainable feed alternatives will optimize resource efficiency while maintaining organic standards. Additionally, genetic advancements and microbiome research will enhance disease resistance and animal productivity in organic farming systems. However, challenges such as land use limitations, high production costs, disease management, and market accessibility remain key hurdles. Policy reforms, consumer awareness, and technological innovations will be crucial in shaping the future of organic livestock. A holistic approach integrating sustainability, economic feasibility, and ethical considerations will ensure a resilient and efficient organic livestock industry by 2050.

Evaluating the Role of ChatGPT in Health Information Provision: Capabilities, Limitations, and Ethical Implications

2025-08-09T13:52:07+03:00

This study provides a critical analysis of ChatGPT's strengths and weaknesses as a resource for delivering health-related information, emphasizing its potential for both general advice and tailored health guidance. Through a systematic review and expert analysis, the study highlights ChatGPT's ability to deliver immediate and accessible information on a wide range of health topics, including nutrition and chronic disease management. While its conversational interface and capacity for personalization make it a valuable resource for users seeking initial advice, significant limitations are evident in its handling of complex and nuanced health scenarios. These shortcomings are primarily attributed to gaps in its training, including outdated data and potential incorporation of unverified sources. The findings emphasize the importance of recognizing ChatGPT as a supplementary tool rather than a replacement for professional healthcare consultation. Ensuring user safety requires ongoing updates to its training datasets, integration of the latest scientific evidence, and the establishment of clear guidelines for its application in healthcare settings. The study underscores the critical role of qualified professionals in verifying and contextualizing AI-generated advice, particularly in complex or high-risk cases. Future research and development are essential to enhance ChatGPT's reliability, accuracy, and effectiveness, ensuring its optimal contribution to health information dissemination while maintaining the highest standards of safety and ethics.

Intermittent Fasting as a Halal Lifestyle: A Content Analysis

2025-08-09T14:16:03+03:00

The pandemic is gradually overcoming but this should not make us neglectful of health. There are several things that are a problem for people in Indonesia, namely obesity. This is not only due to the mindset of the people who think that fat is healthy, but also as a result of the pandemic which requires people to limit outdoor activities. This impaired mobility also reduces the daily rate of calorie burning. In addition, a lifestyle that is increasingly facilitated by the convenience of devices such as ordering food and drinks through applications makes calorie intake increase. This makes some people obese. In fact, in addition to reducing aesthetics, obesity can reduce the quality of life. Therefore, a breakthrough is needed to change the post-pandemic lifestyle, namely by implementing a halal lifestyle by fasting. In this study, the fasting in question is fasting Ramadan, fasting David, and fasting Monday-Thursday. This turns out to be in line with a diet method practiced by non-Muslims called intermittent fasting. The method used is qualitative with an interpretive paradigm on Youtube media. The analysis used is reception analysis —an analysis that examines the relationship between media content and the audience as an active interpreter who gives meaning to videos that combine the concept of intermittent fasting with fasting. The purpose of this research is as exploratory research. While the approach taken is integrative interconnective, namely combining the viewpoints of two branches of science, namely religion and science. The results obtained are that there is great potential that sunnah fasting can be applied as a halal lifestyle that has been studied for its benefits in terms of science. So, this does not make the branding of sunnah fasting a dogma but reaffirmation of sunnah fasting as a sensible halal lifestyle.

New Approaches to the Identification of Epigenetic Modifications in Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia

2025-08-09T14:20:26+03:00

Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia (CLL), one of the most common hematologic malignancies in adults in Western countries, is a disease in which epigenetic modifications play an important role in its pathogenesis. Fundamental epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs and are critical for normal cellular processes, including cellular growth, development, and differentiation. The identification and understanding of these modifications allows us to analyze the biology of the disease in more detail. Thanks to the technological approaches developed in recent years, it is possible to examine epigenetic changes in CLL in a more sensitive and detailed way. These methods provide a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the disease. In addition to being an important tool in the identification of epigenetic modifications in CLL, these new approaches also contribute to the development of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies. These developments will allow CLL to be managed more effectively.

Building Eco-Awareness in Preschool Children

2025-08-09T14:27:54+03:00

Environmental education plays a vital role in fostering ecological awareness and sustainable behavior from an early age. In Indonesia, preschool education offers a strategic platform to cultivate eco-consciousness among young learners. However, its integration faces significant challenges, including limited resources, inadequate teacher training, and the absence of structured curricula. This study explores how Indonesian preschool teachers implement environmental education by examining their strategies, obstacles, and key success factors. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were gathered through online semi-structured interviews with 15 preschool teachers from various regions, along with curriculum and lesson plan analyses. Thematic analysis revealed that while teachers highly value environmental education, their efforts are often hindered by insufficient training, lack of materials, and rigid curricular frameworks. Despite these barriers, many teachers adopt innovative approaches such as project-based learning, outdoor exploration, and collaborative activities to engage students. Key enablers of effective environmental education include teacher motivation, strong school leadership, and parental involvement. This study highlights the urgent need for enhanced teacher preparation, better resource provision, and more structured curricular support. Addressing these areas is essential for fostering environmental stewardship in young Indonesian children. The findings offer practical insights for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers committed to advancing early childhood environmental education.